Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Ali Porseshbin; Mohammadreza Bagherzadeh; Assadollah Mehrara; Yousof Gholi Pourkanani
Abstract
The present study aimed to provide an inter-organizational cooperation management model in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. This study was conducted in two stages: conceptual research framework design and validation. The first part included the senior managers of oil companies ...
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The present study aimed to provide an inter-organizational cooperation management model in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. This study was conducted in two stages: conceptual research framework design and validation. The first part included the senior managers of oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone, and 10 subjects were selected as the sample. In the second part, the population included all employees, from whom 116 samples were selected. After identifying the components, indicators, and criteria, the Delphi questionnaire and a 5-point Likert scale were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the CVR index and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, while its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis was performed using the Delphi technique, one-sample t-test, and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Lisrel statistical software. The results identified four dimensions, 17 components, and 63 indicators for the inter-organizational cooperation management model in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone oil companies. Environmental, cultural, organizational, and leadership style dimensions are the dimensions of inter-organizational cooperation management in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. Such factors are the most significant among the identified dimensions of environmental dimension with a load factor of 0.99, cultural dimension with a load factor of 0.82, organizational dimension with a load factor of 0.79, and a leadership style dimension load factor of 0.89 respectively than other dimensions to the concept of inter-organizational cooperation management model in oil companies in the Pars Energy Special Economic Zone. The results indicated that designing the inter-organizational cooperation management model is divided into four environmental, leadership, cultural, and organizational dimensions. The environmental dimension includes political, business process, economic, developmental, legal, and technology, and the cultural dimension includes the components of conflict management, information sharing, participation, and commitment. The organizational dimension consists of the components of philosophy, processes, coordination, and strategy, and the leadership style dimension encompasses the components of collaborative leadership, multidisciplinary decision-making, and adaptation to management style
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Sina Nematizadeh; Samaneh Atayee; Vahidreza Mirabi
Abstract
This study aims to design and explain the online advertising model with an image-based marketing approach. In this regard, while reviewing the concepts of online advertising, image-based marketing (GIF marketing), and tourism using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, we designed ...
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This study aims to design and explain the online advertising model with an image-based marketing approach. In this regard, while reviewing the concepts of online advertising, image-based marketing (GIF marketing), and tourism using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, we designed and explained the online advertising model with the GIF marketing approach in Iran’s oil and gas industrial tourism hubs. The research strategy includes a combined qualitative study of the content analysis, grounded theory, and Delphi analysis, and a quantitative study in the survey. The study population in the qualitative part includes experts in advertising focusing on the tourism industry, and in the quantitative part, all tourists are in Iran’s oil and gas industrial tourism hubs. Regular test and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling tests confirmed the components and model. The results showed that the components (causal factors, contexts, and outputs) of an online advertising model with GIF marketing approach in oil and gas industrial tourism hubs are in order of priority: 1- message acceptance, 2- international tourism growth, 3- motivation for acceptance, 4- Information technology, 5- advertising website design, 6- GIF attractiveness, 7- online shopping intention, 8- competitive environment, 9- attitude and perception, 10- GIF content and value, and 11- social networks. In order to conduct open interviews and coding, we finally extracted 62 indicators. The results of model validation and model overall fit index (GOF), which has a value of 0.794, showed that the overall fit of the model is desirable, and as a result, the overall model is valid and approved. Further, in the Q2 index, positive numbers showed more than 0.35, which showed the high predictive power of the model.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Somayeh Alimoradi Gaghdari; Mohamad Reza Mehrabanpour; Ali Najafimoghadam
Abstract
Companies have access to various financial resources to implement available profitable investment projects, settle overdue debts, increase working capital, and pay dividends to shareholders. Correct decision-making and the ability of companies to determine the appropriate financial resources are the ...
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Companies have access to various financial resources to implement available profitable investment projects, settle overdue debts, increase working capital, and pay dividends to shareholders. Correct decision-making and the ability of companies to determine the appropriate financial resources are the main factors in company success. The effects of financing on the company’s return and risk are the most important goals that management should consider when choosing a financing method and selecting resources that minimize financing costs. In this research, the fuzzy Delphi method was first used to identify financing methods and the criteria for selecting the appropriate financing method. Then, the AHP method was used to prioritize the parameters. This study showed that efficiency, cost, sustainability, operationality, fairness, and transparency are the most important criteria for selecting financing methods in gas companies. Forming subsidiary consortia, receiving facilities, issuing participation bonds, creating an investing company, presence in the stock market, creating a shareholder plan have also been identified as financing methods
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Saber Mollaalizadeh Zavardehi; Mojtaba Shiarbahadori; Ali Mahmoodirad
Abstract
Financial performance evaluation emerged as a great academia and business concern in the competitive world today. In order to clarify the progress status and improvement trend of finance, it is of supreme significance to appoint a professional financial performance evaluation study for the supportable ...
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Financial performance evaluation emerged as a great academia and business concern in the competitive world today. In order to clarify the progress status and improvement trend of finance, it is of supreme significance to appoint a professional financial performance evaluation study for the supportable progress of enterprises. This research focused on the seven critical factors which represented principal effects on the financial performance of the Persian Gulf Petrochemical Companies. Experts and engineers of 12 companies in Persian Gulf Petrochemical Company have been surveyed by sampling method, in which 180 questionnaires have been completed, and the basis of the work has been used to achieve the research objectives. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approved the divergent validity of all desired factors and correspondent to the questionnaire. The nonparametric analysis demonstrated the study’s central hypothesis regarding the effectiveness of all under investigation parameters to meet the research goals. By the Friedman ranking test, the internal processes and external environment of the organization provided the highest and the lowest rank of impact on the financial performance of the petrochemical companies under review, respectively.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Ehsan Rasoulinezhad
Abstract
The agreement of Iran with an integrated bloc like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization or Eurasian Economic Union to boost energy trade is considered an efficient factor in improving the multilateralism and regionalism of the Iranian economy. However, the outbreak of COVID-19 has had caused serious ...
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The agreement of Iran with an integrated bloc like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization or Eurasian Economic Union to boost energy trade is considered an efficient factor in improving the multilateralism and regionalism of the Iranian economy. However, the outbreak of COVID-19 has had caused serious and unprecedented consequences on globalization and regionalization. This research seeks to find out the relationship between COVID-19 and regional energy integration for two cases of South Asia and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). The panel data framework based on quarterly data over 2010Q1-2020Q2 is employed to estimate the coefficients of variables. The significant results reveal that the COVID-19 pandemic is a severe challenge for regional energy integration in these two unions. The integration of larger economies that are more developed and have a higher level of trade liberalization is disturbed by this pandemic. A policy implication based on the conclusions is that Iran may try to integrate regional energy with its neighbors and trading partners. However, to reduce the long-run negative impacts of the pandemic, Iran and its energy trade partners should plan to determine the types and magnitudes of adverse effects of the pandemic, regulating monetary and fiscal policies to encounter the negative influences. To the best of the author’s knowledge, despite some earlier researches on the effects of COVID-19 on macroeconomic variables in different countries and regions, there is no existing literature focusing on how the coronavirus affects economic integration. Therefore, this paper tries to fill in this literature gap.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Seyed Sadegh Zarghami; Bita Tabrizian; Fariz Taherikia
Abstract
To be in line with the new environmental paradigms, the present study aims to design an Eco-friendly marketing pattern in Iran’s oil industry. The methodology is a sequential exploratory one. In the qualitative section, grounded theory is used. The creative data were gathered through a theoretical ...
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To be in line with the new environmental paradigms, the present study aims to design an Eco-friendly marketing pattern in Iran’s oil industry. The methodology is a sequential exploratory one. In the qualitative section, grounded theory is used. The creative data were gathered through a theoretical sampling of in-depth, semi-structured interviews of 15 experts from the oil industry. The initial model of the research was achieved with 19 (major) factors which were divided into 6 aspects according to the experts’ views: causal circumstances, the major factor, background circumstances, interventions, strategies and consequences. Next, in the quantitative section, the validity of the research was investigated through a surveying method and the questionnaire tool. The statistical population includes a limited number of managers and experts from the oil industry in research and planning fields, counting up to 170 people from whom 118 were selected through random sampling. After evaluating the reliability of the questionnaire, the questions themselves were validated and their number was narrowed down. Carrying out an explanatory factor analysis, the components were reduced to 14 and the dimensions to 5. The relationship between the dimensions was assessed through the correlation test and then the final pattern was designed. Eventually, the theory of the study was developed under the supervision of experts. The significant results of this study were finding the interventions, including productivity, governmental support, social institutions, and sustainable development along with the strategies, including reviewing the energy section structure, improving the managers’ perspectives and developing the green investments.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Ali Esmaeili Ardakani; Morteza Shokri; Faramarz Tamanna Shakeri
Abstract
Currently, the global community is on the threshold of a transition from fossil fuels as a result of transformations such as climate change, entailing the strict implementation of carbon setoff policies and quick progress in green technologies. A transition to clean, low-carbon energies will not only ...
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Currently, the global community is on the threshold of a transition from fossil fuels as a result of transformations such as climate change, entailing the strict implementation of carbon setoff policies and quick progress in green technologies. A transition to clean, low-carbon energies will not only disrupt the global energy system, it will also impact the global economy and political dynamism within and without all states. Based on these transformations, the present article asks the question of how the energy transition will impact the geopolitical future of the global oil economy. The authors hypothesize the following in answer to this question: Given the superior, more advanced position of economic powers such as China and the US in clean energy technologies, we are likely to witness the weakening of traditional oil powers in a post-carbon world, such as the Middle East and North African countries (MENA) and Russia; in contrast, the balance of power will tilt heavily towards current energy consumers. Technology-savvy countries have the knowledge to reproduce and stabilize their power in the global economy. The traditional countries of the energy sector, however, face shortfalls in their infrastructure and modern technologies and will lose their geopolitical position to a large extent.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Mahmoodreza Cheraghali; Mohammad Tamjidi Farahbakhsh; Parviz Saeidi; Majid Nasiri
Abstract
The purpose of this research is choosing the effectiveness function of entrepreneurial outsourcing under themes of bureaucratic culture in Golestan Gas Company by Analysis CARD and Developed Theory of Rough (ERST). The statistical population of the study included two qualitative and quantitative sections, ...
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The purpose of this research is choosing the effectiveness function of entrepreneurial outsourcing under themes of bureaucratic culture in Golestan Gas Company by Analysis CARD and Developed Theory of Rough (ERST). The statistical population of the study included two qualitative and quantitative sections, in which 14 experts in the fields of management and entrepreneurship participated in the form of panel members and in the quantitative section, 25 managers and deputies in different layers of the gas company in Golestan province also participated. The basis of the analysis in this study was content analysis in order to identify the functional components of entrepreneurial outsourcing and propositions of bureaucratic culture themes. Raff's analysis set was also used for matrix analysis to identify the most important stimulus for promoting entrepreneurial outsourcing in the first section, and in the second section to select the most effective entrepreneurial outsourcing function under the theme of bureaucratic culture. The results showed that the most important proposition of bureaucratic culture is the proposition of codified systems and the most effective function of entrepreneurial outsourcing in Golestan Gas Company was strategic.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Nazanin Pilevari; Alireza Baghban Kohne Rouz; Ali Akbar Amiri; Mohammad Hossein Sadat Hosseini Khajouei
Abstract
Today, management requires a new approach in the areas of production planning and operations process with a cost management approach. Organizations and industrial units to lead their lives, by recognizing the impact points of the challenges ahead and positive impact, guide and lead them to advance the ...
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Today, management requires a new approach in the areas of production planning and operations process with a cost management approach. Organizations and industrial units to lead their lives, by recognizing the impact points of the challenges ahead and positive impact, guide and lead them to advance the goals of the organization. Economic dispatching with particle swarm optimization algorithm approach is an approach in the field of industrial units. Dispatching tries to determine the share of production capacity in a way that optimizes the overall performance of the system economically and improve system performance, including: production and process planning, supply and demand balance, cost management, productivity growth, optimal allocation of resources according to the capacity of tanks, formulation of production and operational strategies, the impact on the strategic vision document. In this research, an attempt has been made to perform economic dispatching with the approach of particle swarm optimization algorithm with hypothetical information to measure the feasibility of implementation and its impact on the overall performance of the system and production process and operations.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Majid Nasiri; Parviz Saeidi; Mostafa Hamidi; Mohammad Sharif Sharifzadeh
Abstract
This study aimed to develop Oil approaches affected by effective factors for the success of economy-based entrepreneurship in the Oil Industry. In other words, efforts were made to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the development of Oil approaches under the impact of effective factors for ...
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This study aimed to develop Oil approaches affected by effective factors for the success of economy-based entrepreneurship in the Oil Industry. In other words, efforts were made to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the development of Oil approaches under the impact of effective factors for the success of economy-based entrepreneurship in the Oil Industry. A review of the previous studies in this field revealed that the factors affecting the development of Oil approaches affected by factors involved in the success of economy-based entrepreneurship in the Oil Industry were institutional, organizational, environmental, economic, technological and opportunity recognition criteria. The present research was applied in terms of goal and survey, cross-sectional regarding data collection method and time frame. The statistical population consisted of experts in the country’s oil industry system. In total, 16 individuals were selected from the central bank managers by purpose sampling. Data were collected using an expert questionnaire, and the fuzzy Delphi method was applied to ensure the validity of the identified indicators. In addition, the reliability of paired comparisons was assessed by calculating the incompatibility rates via the Gogus and Butcher method. In this regard, reliability was acceptable in all cases of less than 0.1. The ranking of key criteria showed that economic factors had of the highest importance, followed by institutional, environmental, organizational, opportunity recognition process, and technological factors.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Azadeh Dabbaghi
Abstract
Rapid changes and competitions in today's world have shifted the role of governmental enterprises into regulating and directing activities. This has led to the need for the analysis of internal/ external situations and the revision of strategic planning of such companies. The Iranian Oil Terminals Company, ...
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Rapid changes and competitions in today's world have shifted the role of governmental enterprises into regulating and directing activities. This has led to the need for the analysis of internal/ external situations and the revision of strategic planning of such companies. The Iranian Oil Terminals Company, as one of the National Iranian Oil Company subsidiaries, has developed its vision, mission, and strategic plan. In this paper, the strategic planning was fulfilled for the Procurement and Supply system of IOTC, which has the role of supporting the primary activities of the company by sourcing, purchasing, warehousing, and delivering the requested materials. In this regard, different models of strategic planning were reviewed to design a suitable approach for strategy formulation. The adopted framework was implemented using the balanced scorecard approach and the results were presented step by step in the paper. . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Vali Allah Roshan; Reza Radfar; Abbas Toloie
Abstract
Context/purpose: Factors affecting the technology, and innovation levels of crude oil treatment’s surface facilities, are numerous and extensive. Localization of surface facility as a high-tech Technology, which include oil and gas production and processing units, has always been one of the main ...
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Context/purpose: Factors affecting the technology, and innovation levels of crude oil treatment’s surface facilities, are numerous and extensive. Localization of surface facility as a high-tech Technology, which include oil and gas production and processing units, has always been one of the main issues, and technology management and innovation are essential priorities for these facilities. The purpose of this practical, heuristic, and quantitative research is to develop the studies and identify the current state of technology for crude oil treatment’s surface facility technology level in Iran and compare it with its global one. Methodology: Considering the wide range of factors that are used in evaluating technological and innovative capabilities with uncertainty. This research is applied in terms of purpose. Using a survey method and collecting qualitative data through a questionnaire, has led to descriptive results. This study by referring to experts and specialists, these factors according to their importance and priority in different classes of classification and then with statistical analysis, the relationship and correlation of these factors have been examined. For this purpose, 44 experts in oil and gas industry have been used for replying the qualitative questionnaire, then the fuzzy system model has been used to investigate the uncertainty in their answers and Quantitative results. Findings: The results of this study show that the most influential factors in surface facilities such as technological and innovative factors and managerial potential and human resources, etc. are not at an acceptable level compared to developed countries. Conclusion: The analysis of uncertainty between opinions of experts and factors investigated also confirms that attention to innovation and technology capacity and Technology capability and human resources in the National Iranian Oil Company should be increased.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Parastoo Boroomandfar; Alireza Daghighi Asli; Azadeh Mehrabian; Marjan Damankeshideh
Abstract
This paper analyzes the existence of an asymmetric causality relationship between the consumption of hydrocarbon products in four sectors: residential-commercial, manufacturing, agricultural, and transportation, and the economic growth of Iran during the years 1981-2017. To achieve this goal, the effect ...
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This paper analyzes the existence of an asymmetric causality relationship between the consumption of hydrocarbon products in four sectors: residential-commercial, manufacturing, agricultural, and transportation, and the economic growth of Iran during the years 1981-2017. To achieve this goal, the effect of positive and negative shocks of the mentioned variables is investigated using the asymmetric causality approach of Hatemi-J (2012). Research results suggest a two-way causal relationship between the positive shocks of economic growth and the consumption of carriers of hydrocarbons in all four residential-commercial, manufacturing, agricultural and transportation sectors. There is a two-way causal relationship between negative economic growth shocks and hydrocarbon carriers’ consumption in agriculture and transportation, and a one-way causal relationship between hydrocarbon energy carriers’ consumption and economic growth in the residential-commercial and industrial sectors. There is no causal relationship between non-directional shocks of hydrocarbon consumption and economic growth.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Mortaza Baky Haskuee; Parisa Rouhi Fard; Afrooz Farazandeh; Abdolreza Shakeri
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to study the effect of Covid-19 outbreak on oil markets volatility.Covid-19 as a pandemic has a significant negative effect on global economy. Alongside the global economy, stock markets responded to the outbreak immediately. The first case appeared in February 20 in Iran. ...
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The goal of this paper is to study the effect of Covid-19 outbreak on oil markets volatility.Covid-19 as a pandemic has a significant negative effect on global economy. Alongside the global economy, stock markets responded to the outbreak immediately. The first case appeared in February 20 in Iran. The outbreak has different implication for Iranian economy. Using daily data on return of oil companies registered at Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), change in new cases integrated into the E-GARCH model as a proxy for the virus outbreak form February 20, 2020 until December 12, 2020, it applies an E-GARCH model to derive volatilities in index. To test the effect of Covid-19 outbreak on the volatilities in oil companies’ index, change in daily new cases integrated into the E-GARCH model as a proxy for the virus outbreak. The results show that, despite of fresh money pumped into the market and increase in market transactions and volume of trade, during the first phase of outbreak, Covid-19 has negatively affected returns of oil companies’ prices.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Somayeh Alimoradi Jaghdari; Mohammad Reza Mehrabanpour; Ali Najafi Moghadam
Abstract
Companies have access to a variety of financial resources to implement available profitable investment projects, to settle overdue debts, to increase working capital, and to pay dividends to shareholders. These resources include cash from operating activities and the sale of assets (as intra-organizational ...
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Companies have access to a variety of financial resources to implement available profitable investment projects, to settle overdue debts, to increase working capital, and to pay dividends to shareholders. These resources include cash from operating activities and the sale of assets (as intra-organizational sources of financing), borrowing loans from the bank, issuance of bonds, and issuance of new shares (as outside the organization sources of financing). Financing and its effects on the returns and risk of the company choose sources that minimize financing costs. Then, to prioritize the parameters, the hierarchical method, Topsis, and ANP were used. The results of this study indicated that the factors of efficiency, cost, sustainability, being operational, fairness, and transparency have been the most important criteria for choosing the financing method, as well as forming sub-consortia, receiving facilities, issuing participation bonds, establishing investment companies, presence in the securities market, creating a shareholder plan, and finally attracting foreign capital have been identified as financing methods. Also, the transparency of the financing method in the surveyed companies to identify the appropriate financing method had the least importance.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Sara Sadat Mortazavi Ravari; Mohammad reza Fathi; Mehdi Mohammadi; Reza Bandarian
Abstract
One of the governmental research organizations is Research and Technology Organization (RTO), whose primary is to harness science and technology in the service of innovation or public bodies and industry, to improve the quality of life and build economic competitiveness. Despite the importance and role ...
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One of the governmental research organizations is Research and Technology Organization (RTO), whose primary is to harness science and technology in the service of innovation or public bodies and industry, to improve the quality of life and build economic competitiveness. Despite the importance and role of research and technology organizations in the innovation system, previous studies have not addressed the concept of technology development projects' effectiveness implemented in RTOs. This study attempts to investigate this concept from two aspects: "the concept of effectiveness in research projects" and "the concept of effectiveness in RTOs" to define this concept in a research and technology organization (RIPI). To evaluate and implement the proposed framework, eight technology development projects are studied at the Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. Based on the developed indicators and their weights, the effectiveness of eight technology development projects has been evaluated using ARAS, COPRAS, MOORA, and TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making methods.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Ghasemali Bazaee; Mohammadali Hassani; Ashraf Shahmansouri
Abstract
Currently, blockchain in the oil and gas industry is still at the experimental stage, and many people in the oil and gas industry do not acknowledge this technology. Blockchain technology can bring many opportunities, such as reducing transaction business costs and increasing transparency to the ...
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Currently, blockchain in the oil and gas industry is still at the experimental stage, and many people in the oil and gas industry do not acknowledge this technology. Blockchain technology can bring many opportunities, such as reducing transaction business costs and increasing transparency to the oil and gas industry. However, due to the blockchain being an emerging technology, organizations need to investigate the maturity stages to increase this technology's readiness and adoption. The capability Maturity Model (CMM) is one of the common models in information technology. This model is widely adopted as a public maturity model in business processes, industry, and IS / IT organizations. The blockchain technology maturity model is classified into five levels of emerging, identified, defined, operational and mature to identify the applications of this technology toward flourishing and providing the ultimate solution to most of the organization's problems. Therefore, this qualitative research has been designed to identify maturity levels to provide a conceptual model of maturity levels of blockchain technology in grounded theory. First, the initial factors extracted through reviewing the research background; then, by conducting semi-structured interviews with 12 blockchain technology experts, the data were collected. It is noted that the interview was stopped as the duplicated and identical data, based on grounded theory research strategy The meanings and characteristics of the blockchain maturity model challenges presented in three stages of coding: identification, classification, and finally, create the research model.The reliability of the interviews has confirmed by the reliability methods of Test-Retest and intra-subject agreement. The results of data analysis indicate that experts at the emerging level to primary educating and technology monitoring, at the identified level, to recognize the applications of this technology and regulation, at the defined level, to develop a roadmap, proof of concept (POC), and Feasibility, At the operational level, the stakeholder resistance, and at the matured level, the entry new members, the consortium, and increasing attention to maturity requirements, is spotlight with more frequency than other indicators and elements.Keywords:Blockchain, Blockchain capability maturity model, Blockchain maturity levels Currently, blockchain in the oil and gas industry is still at the experimental stage, and many people in the oil and gas industry do not acknowledge this technology. Blockchain technology can bring many opportunities, such as reducing transaction business costs and increasing transparency to the oil and gas industry. However, due to the blockchain being an emerging technology, organizations need to investigate the maturity stages to increase this technology's readiness and adoption. The capability Maturity Model (CMM) is one of the common models in information technology. This model is widely adopted as a public maturity model in business processes, industry, and IS / IT organizations. The blockchain technology maturity model is classified into five levels of emerging, identified, defined, operational and mature to identify the applications of this technology toward flourishing and providing the ultimate solution to most of the organization's problems. Therefore, this qualitative research has been designed to identify maturity levels to provide a conceptual model of maturity levels of blockchain technology in grounded theory. First, the initial factors extracted through reviewing the research background; then, by conducting semi-structured interviews with 12 blockchain technology experts, the data were collected. It is noted that the interview was stopped as the duplicated and identical data, based on grounded theory research strategy The meanings and characteristics of the blockchain maturity model challenges presented in three stages of coding: identification, classification, and finally, create the research model.The reliability of the interviews has confirmed by the reliability methods of Test-Retest and intra-subject agreement. The results of data analysis indicate that experts at the emerging level to primary educating and technology monitoring, at the identified level, to recognize the applications of this technology and regulation, at the defined level, to develop a roadmap, proof of concept (POC), and Feasibility, At the operational level, the stakeholder resistance, and at the matured level, the entry new members, the consortium, and increasing attention to maturity requirements, is spotlight with more frequency than other indicators and elements. Received: 23 August 2020Revised: 03 September 2020Accepted: 14 September2020
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Jalil Dara; Azam Moghadas; Mohammad Lalalizadeh
Abstract
Any definition of national interests and the means of securing and protecting them by governments will have their own practical and strategic requirements on domestic and foreign policy. In the meantime, security has always been defined as one of the vital needs and goals of countries and has been pursued ...
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Any definition of national interests and the means of securing and protecting them by governments will have their own practical and strategic requirements on domestic and foreign policy. In the meantime, security has always been defined as one of the vital needs and goals of countries and has been pursued as an important priority in the national interest in various ways. Ensuring energy security, especially oil security, from extraction to transfer, exchange and sale, is considered as economic lifeblood for a country like Iran, which faced a serious challenge with the emergence and spread of Takfiri terrorism in Syria and Iraq; While Iran has been deprived from oil selling advantages in world markets, ISIS benefited more and more from oil smuggling in dark markets, earning weekly such an income ranging from “several million” to US$28 million (in 2014- 2015). The purpose of this paper is to answer this question: how did Iran react to Terrorism threat in Middle East to ensure its own oil security and that of region? We suppose that, the strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran against these conditions, in addition to its revolutionary commitment to supporting liberation movements and oppressed nations, as well as the necessity in protecting Iran’s strategic depth in West, was to expand the doctrinal core of Mehvar e Moqamevah (Axis of resistance) to the political, economic and military spheres. This assumption studied in this article with a descriptive-analytical approach, in the context of the Copenhagen School, particularly, the idea of the Bari-Buzan and Elie Weaver regional security complex.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Seyed Reza Rahnamay Touhidi; Houshang Taghizadeh; Soleyman Iranzadeh
Abstract
One of the main approaches in capacity building and strengthening organizational abilities to integrate activities along the supply chains is the integration, creation, and reconfiguration of internal and external capabilities of components based on the theory of dynamic capabilities. The main assumptions ...
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One of the main approaches in capacity building and strengthening organizational abilities to integrate activities along the supply chains is the integration, creation, and reconfiguration of internal and external capabilities of components based on the theory of dynamic capabilities. The main assumptions of this theory are based on the purposeful strengthening and promotion of organizational capacities to improve the executive capability of human resources. The objective of this study is to provide a model for promoting dynamic capabilities for international markets of Iran's oil and gas industry. The statistical population includes managers and experts in the field of oil and gas working in the affiliated organizations in Iran. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was verified by the content method and its reliability was examined and verified by test-retest method with Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.877 and internal consistency was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Based on the findings, the dynamic capabilities model was formed on 24 primary factors that were classified into 7 main components. In addition, these components were further classified into four main categories based on the competence-emergency matrix. According to the results, "Strategic conducting of capital resources" accounted for 19.78% of explanatory power and was the most important factor in promoting dynamic capabilities. The findings of the present study can be useful for decision-makers to promote competitiveness in terms of dynamic capabilities in Iran's oil and gas industry.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Mohamad Nasr Esfahani; Ehsan Rasoulinezhad
Abstract
The challenge of environmental pollution and climate change have made countries to develop energy transition progress to move from non-renewable energy sources towards renewable ones. This paper seeks to consider energy transformation process and analyze its pattern in Iran by modeling through the ARDL ...
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The challenge of environmental pollution and climate change have made countries to develop energy transition progress to move from non-renewable energy sources towards renewable ones. This paper seeks to consider energy transformation process and analyze its pattern in Iran by modeling through the ARDL bounding testing method over the period of 1993-2018. The empirical estimations depicted that in the long-run economic growth and inflation rate negatively impact on energy transformation of Iran, while increase in carbon dioxide emissions and appreciation of Iran’s national currency accelerate the energy transition process in Iran. Regarding the short-run relationship, the major results represented an evidence of positive impact of exchange rate on Iran’s energy transition process, while the other variables have negative coefficient. As a major concluding remark, for the case of Iran, the findings prove that the influential impacts of explanatory variables on energy transformation are stronger in long-run rather than in short-run. Therefore, the presence of efficient long-run energy planning is recommended.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Touraj Jahanara; Ghasem Boloo
Abstract
South Pars gas field is the largest gas field in the world and is shared between Iran and Qatar.One of the most important projects in this field is the development of Phases 17 and 18. This mega project is one of the most important projects implemented in the South Pars gas field.This paper examines ...
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South Pars gas field is the largest gas field in the world and is shared between Iran and Qatar.One of the most important projects in this field is the development of Phases 17 and 18. This mega project is one of the most important projects implemented in the South Pars gas field.This paper examines the impact of domestic inflation on the costs of implementing these phases over a period of ten years(2003-2013) .The main purpose of this study is to calculate and compare the costs of implementing this project under non-inflationary conditions.For this purpose, the main and standard activities of this phases is selected and its costs calculated and then neutralize inflation indicators for the desired time period to be compared between inflation and non-inflationary states.Wilcoxon test used to compare two dependent groups.Based on statistical analysis,assuming the absence of other factors,the expenditures of selected activities in phases 17and 18 of South Pars in the inflationary state were significantly higher than the non-inflationary state Keywords:South Pars Gas Field, Domestic Inflation
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Abed Akbari; Tahere Moghri Moazen
Abstract
The pipeline project, Nord Stream 2 (NS2), has been an issue of controversies. Russia and Germany consider the project an economic contract, but the United-States and Eastern European countries have concerns about its geopolitical effects. These disputes have created a divide in Europe and have posed ...
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The pipeline project, Nord Stream 2 (NS2), has been an issue of controversies. Russia and Germany consider the project an economic contract, but the United-States and Eastern European countries have concerns about its geopolitical effects. These disputes have created a divide in Europe and have posed a threat to trans-Atlantic relations. The current research suggests NS2 can influence the strategic balance between great powers in the international system, giving energy leverage to Russia against United-States, and consequently to China by strengthening projects like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Our findings put forward that not only NS2, in case of realization, is a source of American decline, but also the debates on the issue are a sign of American struggling for protecting its precarious international position. By placing Europe in front of the United-States, NS2 could be one component of European strategic autonomy (ESA); meanwhile, it may jeopardize ESA by depending on Europe on Russia. Europe’s solution to gain ESA is to use its leverages such as normative one to manage the situation for outcomes like protecting Europe’s unity and economic interests.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Mohammad Reza Lotfalipour; Elmira Zohourian; Mohammad Ali Falahi; Malihe Ashena
Abstract
Environmental tax reform can be used in a fundamental transformation towards a green economy. Green tax may reduce the energy consumption and pollution emissions, as well as other economic benefits. This study mainly focused on the effects of green taxes on labor demand in Iranian industry sector during ...
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Environmental tax reform can be used in a fundamental transformation towards a green economy. Green tax may reduce the energy consumption and pollution emissions, as well as other economic benefits. This study mainly focused on the effects of green taxes on labor demand in Iranian industry sector during 1980 – 2015. Regarding the double dividend hypothesis, green taxes may improve the employment by substitution between labor and energy. Using CES production function, the elasticity of substitution between labor and energy is estimated 0.48 percent for industry sector. Then, the effect of green taxes on labor demand is investigated subject to government’s fixed budget constraint and labor demand function. The results show that green tax will have positive effects on employment in the industry. During the transfer of the labor tax system to the green tax system, the environment and employment may improve, without additional cost to the government and producer.
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Mohammad Hassan Fotros; Esmael Torkamani
Abstract
Energy Justice and Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of Common Gas Field Projects of Iran and Qatar Abstract The issue of exploiting shared resources appears a major controversy i.e. each country try to get more out of common field. Energy justice, as a new concept, seeks to apply the principles ...
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Energy Justice and Sustainable Development Goals: The Case of Common Gas Field Projects of Iran and Qatar Abstract The issue of exploiting shared resources appears a major controversy i.e. each country try to get more out of common field. Energy justice, as a new concept, seeks to apply the principles of justice in the production and exploitation, distribution and use of energy. This study tries to assess the extent to which Iran-Qatar common field is being exploited within the framework of the three tenets of energy justice. This study intends to identify energy justice in terms of having sustainable development indicators in common gas field of Iran and Qatar. We use the concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially from Goals that are related to the concept of energy justice to assess the realization of energy justice. The assessment of the tenets of distributional, procedural and recognition justice shows that energy justice is not pursued in joint exploitation of Iran and Qatar
Oil and Gas Economics and Management
Seyyed Abdollah Razavi; Shohreh Pirani
Abstract
The United States is the world's first producer and consumer of oil and play a special role in international oil market relations. In a sense, due to the differences in the energy programs of the parties of this country, we will see significant changes in the international energy markets. The Trump's ...
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The United States is the world's first producer and consumer of oil and play a special role in international oil market relations. In a sense, due to the differences in the energy programs of the parties of this country, we will see significant changes in the international energy markets. The Trump's economic thinking in business field is based on the neo-mercantilist while the Democrats believe in global and multilateral trade. The most important energy policies of the Republican Party are the development and expansion of fossil fuel production, increasing the share of the oil market, lifting environmental restrictions, confronting OPEC, and unilateralism in the oil and gas trade. In contrast, the Democrats' most important plans in the US election are to return to the Paris Agreement and re-impose environmental restrictions, reduce oil production through legal sanctions such as taxes, expand renewable energy and use financial resources to manage the oil market and trade convergence. The main question of this article is what effect do US parties energy programs have on the oil market? The method of this research is a qualitative in a descriptive-analytical manner using desk research.
